%0 Journal Article %J Journal of substance abuse treatment %D 2008 %T Buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in primary care is associated with decreased human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors. %A Sullivan, Lynn E %A Moore, Brent A %A Chawarski, Marek C %A Pantalon, Michael V %A Barry, Declan %A O'Connor, Patrick G %A Schottenfeld, Richard S %A Fiellin, David A %K Adult %K Buprenorphine %K Female %K HIV Infections %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Naloxone %K Opioid-Related Disorders %K Primary Health Care %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Behavior %N 1 %P 87-92 %R 10.1016/j.jsat.2007.08.004 %V 35 %X Methadone treatment reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk, but the effects of primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone on HIV risk are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone was associated with decreased HIV risk behavior. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 166 opioid-dependent persons (129 men and 37 women) receiving buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in a primary care clinic. We compared baseline and 12- and 24-week overall, drug-related, and sex-related HIV risk behaviors using the AIDS/HIV Risk Inventory (ARI). Buprenorphine/naloxone treatment was associated with significant reductions in overall and drug-related ARI scores from baseline to 12 and 24 weeks. Intravenous drug use in the past 3 months was endorsed by 37%, 12%, and 7% of patients at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively (p< .001). Sex while you or your partner were "high" was endorsed by 64%, 13%, and 15% of patients at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively (p< .001). Inconsistent condom use during sex with a steady partner was high at baseline and did not change over time. We conclude that primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment is associated with decreased drug-related HIV risk, but additional efforts may be needed to address sex-related HIV risk when present. %8 2008 Jul