%0 Journal Article %J PloS one %D 2012 %T A complex systems approach to evaluate HIV prevention in metropolitan areas: preliminary implications for combination intervention strategies. %A Marshall, Brandon D L %A Paczkowski, Magdalena M %A Seemann, Lars %A Tempalski, Barbara %A Pouget, Enrique R %A Galea, Sandro %A Friedman, Samuel R %K Cities %K Communicable Disease Control %K Drug Users %K Female %K HIV Infections %K Homosexuality %K Humans %K Injections %K Male %K Models, Statistical %K Risk %K Risk-Taking %N 9 %P e44833 %R 10.1371/journal.pone.0044833 %V 7 %X HIV transmission among injecting and non-injecting drug users (IDU, NIDU) is a significant public health problem. Continuing propagation in endemic settings and emerging regional outbreaks have indicated the need for comprehensive and coordinated HIV prevention. We describe the development of a conceptual framework and calibration of an agent-based model (ABM) to examine how combinations of interventions may reduce and potentially eliminate HIV transmission among drug-using populations. %8 2012