@article {1061,
	title = {Buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in primary care is associated with decreased human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors.},
	journal = {Journal of substance abuse treatment},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008 Jul},
	pages = {87-92},
	abstract = {Methadone treatment reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk, but the effects of primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone on HIV risk are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone was associated with decreased HIV risk behavior. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 166 opioid-dependent persons (129 men and 37 women) receiving buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in a primary care clinic. We compared baseline and 12- and 24-week overall, drug-related, and sex-related HIV risk behaviors using the AIDS/HIV Risk Inventory (ARI). Buprenorphine/naloxone treatment was associated with significant reductions in overall and drug-related ARI scores from baseline to 12 and 24 weeks. Intravenous drug use in the past 3 months was endorsed by 37\%, 12\%, and 7\% of patients at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively (p< .001). Sex while you or your partner were "high" was endorsed by 64\%, 13\%, and 15\% of patients at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively (p< .001). Inconsistent condom use during sex with a steady partner was high at baseline and did not change over time. We conclude that primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment is associated with decreased drug-related HIV risk, but additional efforts may be needed to address sex-related HIV risk when present.},
	keywords = {Adult, Buprenorphine, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Naloxone, Opioid-Related Disorders, Primary Health Care, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior},
	issn = {0740-5472},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jsat.2007.08.004},
	author = {Sullivan, Lynn E and Moore, Brent A and Chawarski, Marek C and Pantalon, Michael V and Barry, Declan and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Patrick G and Schottenfeld, Richard S and Fiellin, David A}
}
