@article {1330,
	title = {Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected prisoners: reincarceration and the lack of sustained benefit after release to the community.},
	journal = {Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004 Jun 15},
	pages = {1754-60},
	abstract = {Responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in correctional settings and their sustained benefit in prisoners after release are currently not known. To examine the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA level (VL) and CD4 lymphocyte response to HAART during incarceration and upon reentry to the correctional system, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of longitudinally linked demographic, pharmacy, and laboratory data from the Connecticut prison system. During incarceration, the mean CD4 lymphocyte count increased by 74 lymphocytes/ mu L, and the mean VL decreased by 0.93 log10 copies/mL (P<.0001). Fifty-nine percent of the subjects achieved a VL of <400 copies/mL at the end of each incarceration period. For the 27\% of subjects who were reincarcerated, the mean CD4 lymphocyte count decreased by 80 lymphocytes/ mu L, and the mean VL increased by 1.14 log10 (P<.0001). Although HAART use resulted in impressive VL and CD4 lymphocyte outcomes during the period of incarceration, recidivism to prison was high and was associated with a poor outcome. More effective community-release programs are needed for incarcerated patients with HIV disease.},
	keywords = {Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Prisoners, Prisons, Retrospective Studies, Viral Load},
	issn = {1537-6591},
	doi = {10.1007/s11904-011-0095-3},
	author = {Springer, Sandra A and Pesanti, Edward and Hodges, John and Macura, Thomas and Doros, Gheorghe and Altice, Frederick L}
}
