@article {1605,
	title = {The association between cocaine use and treatment outcomes in patients receiving office-based buprenorphine/naloxone for the treatment of opioid dependence.},
	journal = {The American journal on addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010 Jan-Feb},
	pages = {53-8},
	abstract = {Cocaine use in patients receiving methadone is associated with worse treatment outcomes. The association between cocaine use and office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment outcomes is not known. We evaluated the association between baseline and in-treatment cocaine use, treatment retention, and urine toxicology results in 162 patients enrolled in a 24-week trial of primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone maintenance. Patients with baseline cocaine metabolite-negative urine toxicology tests compared with those with cocaine metabolite-positive tests had more mean weeks of treatment retention (18.3 vs. 15.8, p = .04), a greater percentage completed 24 weeks of treatment (50\% vs. 33\%, p = .04) and had a greater percentage of opioid-negative urines (47\% vs. 34\%, p = .02). Patients with in-treatment cocaine metabolite-negative urine toxicology tests compared with cocaine metabolite-positive patients had more mean weeks of treatment retention (19.0 vs. 16.5, p = .003), a greater percentage completed 24 weeks of treatment (60\% vs. 30\%, p < .001), and had a greater percentage of opioid-negative urines (51\% vs. 35\%, p = .001). We conclude that both baseline and in-treatment cocaine use is associated with worse treatment outcomes in patients receiving office-based buprenorphine/naloxone and may benefit from targeted interventions.},
	keywords = {Adult, Buprenorphine, Cocaine, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Naloxone, Narcotic Antagonists, Office Visits, Opioid-Related Disorders, Street Drugs, Treatment Outcome},
	issn = {1521-0391},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01335.x},
	author = {Sullivan, Lynn E and Moore, Brent A and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Patrick G and Barry, Declan T and Chawarski, Marek C and Schottenfeld, Richard S and Fiellin, David A}
}
